|
| native_name_lang = hi | other_name = | settlement_type = Metropolis | image_skyline = Taj Mahal in India.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = Taj Mahal in Agra | nickname = Akbarabad; The Taj City | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | latd = 27.18 | latm = | lats = | latNS = N | longd = 78.02 | longm = | longs = | longEW = E | coordinates_display = inline,title | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = India | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Uttar Pradesh | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Agra | established_title = | established_date = | founder , = | named_for = | government_type = | governing_body = | unit_pref = Metric | = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = 4,027 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 171 | population_total = 1,746,467〔(Top cities of India by Population census 2011 )〕 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = 23 | population_density_km2 = 8,954 | population_metro = 1,727,275 | population_metro_footnotes = | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = Hindi | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = PIN | postal_code = 282 X | area_code_type = Telephone code | area_code = 91(562) | registration_plate = | website = | footnotes = }} Agra (; ''Āgrā'') is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is west of the state capital, Lucknow, south of the national capital New Delhi and north of Gwalior. With a population of 1,686,993 (2013 est.), it is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and the 19th most populous in India.〔World Gazetteer online ("India: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population" ). Accessed 25 March 2010.〕 Agra can also refer to the administrative district that has its headquarters in Agra city. It is a major tourist destination because of its many splendid Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Tāj Mahal, Agra Fort and Fatehpūr Sikrī, all three of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Agra is included on the Golden Triangle tourist circuit, along with Delhi and Jaipur. The city was first mentioned in the epic Mahābhārata, where it was called ''Agrevaṇa'' (derived from Sanskrit (अग्रेवण) meaning "the border of the forest"). Legend ascribes the founding of the city to Raja Badal Singh, a Sikarwar Rajput king (c. 1475), whose fort, Badalgarh, stood on or near the site of the present fort. However, the 11th century Persian poet Mas'ūd Sa'd Salmān writes of a desperate assault on the fortress of Agra, then held by the Shāhī King Jayapala, by Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Agra District profile )〕 It was mentioned for the first time in 1080 AD when a Ghaznavide force captured it. Sultan Sikandar Lodī (1488–1517) was the first to move his capital from Delhi to Agra in 1506. He governed the country from here and Agra assumed the importance of the second capital. He died in 1517 and his son, Ibrāhīm Lodī, remained in power there for nine more years and several palaces, wells and a mosque were built by him in the fort during his period. Finally being defeated at the Battle of Panipat in 1526. Between 1540 and 1556, Afghans, beginning with Sher Shah Suri ruled the area. It achieved fame as the capital of the Mughal Empire from 1556 to 1658. ==Climate== (詳細はsemiarid climate that borders on a humid subtropical climate. The city features mild winters, hot and dry summers and a monsoon season. However the monsoons, though substantial in Agra, are not quite as heavy as the monsoon in other parts of India. This is a primary factor in Agra featuring a semiarid climate as opposed to a humid subtropical climate. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Agra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|